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📚 Glossary of Structured Settlement Terms

Comprehensive dictionary of industry terminology to help you understand structured settlements and the selling process.

Showing 25 of 25 terms

SStructured Settlement

A financial arrangement where a claimant receives periodic payments over time instead of a lump sum, typically resulting from a personal injury lawsuit or insurance claim. These payments are tax-free under IRC Section 104(a)(2) and provide long-term financial security.

Related Terms:
AnnuityPeriodic PaymentsSettlement Agreement

FFactoring Transaction

The legal process of selling future structured settlement payments to a third-party company in exchange for a lump sum of cash. This requires court approval in all states under the Structured Settlement Protection Acts.

Related Terms:
Discount RatePresent ValueCourt Approval

DDiscount Rate

The percentage used to calculate the present value of your future payments. A higher discount rate means you receive less money. Rates typically range from 9% to 18%, significantly impacting your payout.

Related Terms:
Present ValueTime Value of Money

PPresent Value

The current worth of your future structured settlement payments, calculated using a discount rate. This represents what your future payments are worth in today's dollars.

Related Terms:
Discount RateFuture Value

AAnnuity

An insurance product that funds structured settlement payments. The annuity guarantees periodic payments for a specified term or lifetime, backed by highly-rated insurance companies.

Related Terms:
Life Contingent AnnuityPeriod Certain Annuity

CCourt Approval

Mandatory legal requirement for selling structured settlement payments. A judge reviews the transaction to ensure it's in your best interest, considering your current financial situation and reasons for selling.

Related Terms:
Best Interest FindingIndependent Professional Advice

BBest Interest Finding

The legal determination a judge must make that selling your structured settlement payments serves your best interest. Courts consider financial need, payment adequacy, and alternative options.

Related Terms:
Court ApprovalJudicial Review

IIndependent Professional Advice (IPA)

Counsel provided by an attorney or financial advisor who is not affiliated with the purchasing company. Many states require IPA to protect consumers from making uninformed decisions.

Related Terms:
Consumer ProtectionQualified Assignment

QQualified Assignment

An agreement where the original defendant's payment obligation is transferred to a third party (usually a life insurance company), ensuring tax-free treatment of settlement payments under IRC Section 130.

Related Terms:
Tax-FreeIRC Section 130

PPeriodic Payment

Regularly scheduled installment payments from your structured settlement, which may be monthly, quarterly, annually, or on a custom schedule designed to meet your specific needs.

Related Terms:
Payment ScheduleStructured Settlement

LLump Sum

A single, immediate payment of cash received when selling structured settlement rights, as opposed to receiving smaller payments over time. The lump sum is always less than the total future value.

Related Terms:
Present ValueImmediate Cash

LLife Contingent Annuity

An annuity that makes payments for as long as the recipient lives. Payments cease upon death, with no remaining value for beneficiaries unless a guaranteed period is included.

Related Terms:
AnnuityGuaranteed Period

PPeriod Certain Annuity

An annuity that makes payments for a specified number of years regardless of whether the recipient lives or dies. If death occurs early, remaining payments go to beneficiaries.

Related Terms:
AnnuityBeneficiary

IIRC Section 104(a)(2)

Internal Revenue Code provision that excludes structured settlement payments for physical injury or sickness from federal income tax. This tax advantage is a key benefit of structured settlements.

Related Terms:
Tax-FreePersonal Injury

IIRC Section 130

Internal Revenue Code provision allowing defendants to transfer structured settlement payment obligations to a third party while maintaining the tax-free status of payments.

Related Terms:
Qualified AssignmentTax Treatment

SStructured Settlement Protection Act (SSPA)

Federal and state laws requiring court approval for structured settlement transfers, established to protect consumers from predatory practices and ensure informed decision-making.

Related Terms:
Court ApprovalConsumer Protection

TTransfer Agreement

The legal contract between you and the purchasing company that specifies which payments you're selling, the purchase price, and all terms and conditions of the transaction.

Related Terms:
Factoring TransactionPurchase Agreement

OObligor

The party responsible for making structured settlement payments, typically an insurance company that purchased the annuity from the original defendant in the personal injury case.

Related Terms:
Annuity IssuerPayment Obligation

PPayee

The person entitled to receive structured settlement payments. As the payee, you have the right to sell some or all of your future payments, subject to court approval.

Related Terms:
RecipientBeneficiary

PPartial Sale

Selling only a portion of your structured settlement payments while retaining others. This strategy provides immediate cash while maintaining some future income security.

Related Terms:
Split SaleRetained Payments

FFull Sale

Selling all remaining structured settlement payments in exchange for a single lump sum. This option provides maximum immediate cash but eliminates all future payment income.

Related Terms:
Complete TransferTotal Assignment

AAdvance Notice Requirement

Legal requirement that consumers receive advance written notice (typically 10-15 days) before completing a structured settlement sale, allowing time to reconsider the decision.

Related Terms:
Consumer ProtectionCooling-off Period

SSettlement Agreement

The original legal document from your personal injury case that established your structured settlement and defined the payment schedule, amounts, and terms.

Related Terms:
Structured SettlementCourt Order

FFunding Company

A company that purchases structured settlement payment rights. Also known as factoring companies, these businesses profit from the difference between what they pay you and the actual value of payments.

Related Terms:
Factoring CompanyPurchasing Company

AA.M. Best Rating

Independent credit rating of insurance companies' financial strength. Structured settlements should be funded by insurers with A- or better ratings to ensure long-term payment security.

Related Terms:
Financial StrengthInsurance Rating

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Understanding structured settlement terminology is essential when navigating the selling process, as terms like discount rates, court approval, annuities, and payees have specific meanings that affect your decisions. Our glossary provides clear definitions of the most important terms you'll encounter throughout the transfer process.

Smarter Payouts believes in transparency and education, which is why we provide comprehensive resources like this glossary to help you understand every aspect of structured settlements. Clear communication and understanding of terms ensure you can make informed decisions about your financial future.